Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Profiling of Bacterial Isolates

Sepsis and bloodstream infection (BSI) are among the most serious complications in patients with cancer, in whom disease- and treatment-related immunosuppression markedly increases susceptibility to infection. Sepsis accounts for approximately 15% of ICU admissions in this population, and short-term mortality is consistently higher than in patients without cancer In haematological malignancy, sepsis affects roughly 12-27% of patients within a year of diagnosis, and although in-hospital mortality has fallen over two decades, it remained higher than in non-cancer patients (23.1% vs 14.4% in 2021) .

Inclusion Criteria: * o Adult patients (≥18 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of solid or hematological malignancy. * Laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (at least one positive blood culture with a clinically significant pathogen). Exclusion Criteria: * o Patients younger than 18 years. * Patients without confirmed malignancy (e.g., benign tumors, suspected but unconfirmed cancer). * Blood cultures with suspected contamination (e.g., common skin commensals such as coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated without clinical significance). * Duplicate episodes: repeated positive cultures from the same patient with the same organism within the same infectious episode (only the first isolate is included). * Bloodstream infections that are not bacterial (e.g., fungal or viral only).