Mobile-Based Microlearning for Improving ICU Nurses' Adherence to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention Protocols

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections among mechanically ventilated patients and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, length of intensive care unit stay, and healthcare costs. Adherence of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses to evidence-based VAP prevention protocols is essential for reducing the incidence of VAP; however, maintaining consistent adherence remains challenging. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile-based microlearning educational program in improving ICU nurses' adherence to VAP prevention protocols. Eligible ICU nurses will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving a mobile-based microlearning program or a control group receiving routine educational resources. The microlearning program will deliver short, focused learning modules through mobile devices using multimedia content, interactive activities, reminders, and reinforcement strategies. The primary outcome is nurses' adherence to VAP prevention practices. Secondary outcomes include nurses' knowledge regarding VAP prevention and knowledge retention over time. Findings from this study may support the integration of mobile-based microlearning approaches into continuing nursing education programs to enhance evidence-based practice in critical care settings.

Inclusion Criteria: * Registered nurses working in adult intensive care units. * Providing direct care to mechanically ventilated patients. * Having at least 6 months of ICU clinical experience. * Able to read and understand English. * Owning a smartphone with internet access. * Willing to participate and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Nurses on leave during the study period. * Administrative nurses who do not provide direct patient care. * Nurses who previously received structured training on the study microlearning program. * Nurses who decline participation or withdraw from the study.