Cesarean Anesthesia Blood Gas

This prospective observational cohort study will evaluate maternal and fetal blood gas parameters in women undergoing cesarean delivery under spinal or general anesthesia. Maternal venous blood samples will be obtained immediately before anesthesia induction, and umbilical arterial blood samples will be obtained after delivery and cord clamping. Blood gas parameters, including pH, pCO2, pO2, bicarbonate, base excess, lactate, and fetal carboxyhemoglobin levels, will be compared between the spinal and general anesthesia groups. The study will also evaluate maternal-fetal blood gas gradients, Apgar scores, neonatal intensive care requirements, and the relationship between smoking exposure and fetal carboxyhemoglobin levels.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult women undergoing cesarean delivery at the study center. * Patients receiving spinal or general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who are not eligible for participation according to the study protocol. * Patients in whom spinal anesthesia is converted to general anesthesia because of inadequate spinal block and pain during surgery.