Video-Assisted Patient Education and Eye Fixation Training in Pterygium Surgery

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of preoperative video-assisted patient education combined with eye position fixation training on anxiety, pain, intraoperative compliance, operation duration, and physiological parameters in adult patients undergoing primary pterygium surgery under local anesthesia. A total of 152 patients aged 18 to 75 years scheduled for primary pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 76) or the control group (n = 76). Patients in the intervention group will receive an 8-to-10-minute tablet-based audiovisual surgical preparation module prior to surgery. This module consists of two stages: (1) cognitive preparation based on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) principles, including 2D animations of the procedure, desensitization to operating room sights and sounds, and postoperative care instructions; and (2) interactive eye position fixation and motor compliance training. Patients in the control group will receive standard routine verbal preoperative information. Anxiety levels, pain intensity, and physiological parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) will be assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. Intraoperative patient compliance and surgical comfort will be evaluated immediately after surgery by a blinded surgeon, along with total operation duration and intraoperative physiological parameters.

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged between 18 and over * Diagnosed with primary pterygium scheduled for surgical excision with conjunctival autograft under local anesthesia * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class I or II * Ability to read, understand, and communicate in Turkish * Voluntary agreement to participate in the study with written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Requirement for general anesthesia * History of psychiatric illness or regular use of anxiolytic/psychotropic medications * Severe visual impairment in the contralateral eye or severe hearing impairment interfering with communication * History of prior major ocular surgery in the study eye or contralateral eye * Presence of systemic comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, severe respiratory diseases, or significant cardiovascular diseases * Cancellation of surgery due to technical or medical reasons * Withdrawal of consent or request to leave the study at any stage