Pain Assessment Through Integrated Neurophysiology and Multidimensional Profiling

This observational case-control study aims to investigate the central neurophysiological mechanisms underlying non-specific chronic low back pain (CLBP) with neural mechanosensitivity, with wearable Optically Pumped Magnetometers Magnetoencephalography (OPM-MEG). The study evaluates brain activity dynamics at rest and during controlled movement-evoked pain. Additionally, it explores the relationship between cortical processing markers and multidimensional biopsychosocial profiles (including pain intensity, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, sleep quality, and functional disability) and gait adaptaions in adults with CLBP aged 18 to 45 compared to healthy pain-free controls.

Inclusion Criteria (Group of Chronic Low Back Pain Patients): * 18-45 years old * Non-specific low back pain * Duration of pain \> 3 months * Positive SLUMP test Inclusion Criteria (Group of Healthy Control Participants): * 18-45 years old * Healthy/ free of pain Exclusion Criteria (Common for both groups): * History of spinal injury * History of cancer * Bone metabolic diseases * Inflammatory conditions (spondyloarthritis or systemic inflammatory diseases) * Spondylolistethis * Presence of neurological deficits suggesting active nerve root compression/radiculopathy (pathological of tendon reflexes, sensitivity and muscle strength) * Diagnosed neurodegenerative/neurological disorders or epilepsy * Psychiatric disorders * High irritability, according to Severity, Irritability, Nature, Stage, and Stability- SINSS pain assessment tool. * Claustrophobia due to the measurement process inside the shielded room * Electrical/electronic implants(e.g. pacemakers), metallic surgical materials (e.g. plates, stent) and dental and orthodontic metallic materials (e.g. braces).