Open vs. Ultrasound-Guided Carpal Tunnel Release

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent entrapment neuropathy. Open Surgical Carpal Tunnel Release (OSCTR) remains the gold standard, while minimally invasive Ultrasound-Guided Carpal Tunnel Release (USGCTR) offers potential advantages including reduced postoperative morbidity and faster recovery. This prospective, multicenter observational cohort study compares the clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, and socioeconomic impact of USGCTR versus OSCTR. A total of 200 patients, with 100 patients per cohort, will be included. Patient assignment is based on the participating center's standard of care. Follow-up assessments are performed preoperatively and at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months after surgery.

Inclusion Criteria: * Electrophysiologically verified Carpal Tunnel Syndrome by EMG/nerve conduction studies, with the examination not older than 6 months at the time of inclusion. * Previous documented and exhausted conservative treatment * Existing indication for surgery that has been discussed with the patient and the patient's explicit wish to undergo surgical treatment. * Ability to provide informed consent and written informed consent * Age ≥18 years. Exclusion Criteria: * Previous surgery at the affected location or revision procedures. * Pre-existing nerve lesions of the upper extremity, including traumatic transections or proximal injuries. * Manifest polyneuropathy. * Foreseeable loss to follow-up, for example inability to contact the participant or insufficient compliance, before the critical 3-month follow-up. * Age under 18 years.