Efficacy of Palonosetron Plus Dexamethasone for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Gynaecological Laparoscopic Surgery

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after general anaesthesia, especially among female patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. This randomized controlled trial evaluates whether combined palonosetron and dexamethasone is more effective than palonosetron alone in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Eligible patients will be randomized into two parallel groups. The intervention group will receive palonosetron plus dexamethasone, while the comparator group will receive palonosetron alone. Patients will be followed for 24 hours after surgery for incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting, rescue antiemetic requirement, adverse effects, patient satisfaction, and haemodynamic parameters.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery * ASA physical status I and II * Age 20-40 years * Provided informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy * Menstruation * Gastroesophageal reflux disease * BMI \>35 kg/m² * Allergy or contraindication to study drug