Attention-based Binocular Training for Impaired Stereopsis (BRAVE)

This study evaluates a novel attention-based binocular visual search training paradigm designed to improve stereopsis (stereo vision) in individuals with impaired binocular vision. Disruptions in balanced binocular input, such as from strabismus or anisometropia, often lead to deficient stereo vision, causing daily visuomotor limitations. While traditional therapies focus on monocular acuity, they frequently fail to restore stereopsis, especially in adults. The investigators propose a unique dichoptic visual search training method that embeds binocular disparity inside an attention-demanding task, encouraging cooperative binocular integration. Participants aged 18-39 with impaired stereopsis will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the active training group (disparity-embeded task) or the active control group (identical task with zero disparity). Both groups complete 5 training sessions over 5-6 weeks. Assessments will occur at baseline, immediately post-training, and at a 12-week follow-up. The primary objective is to determine if the active training group shows significantly greater improvements in local stereoacuity compared to the control group.

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18-39 years (inclusive). * Deficient or anomalous stereoscopic vision with a stereoacuity \>= 70 sec arc or unmeasurable stereoacuity. * Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of \< 0.80 logMAR in both eyes, with at least one eye having a visual acuity of \