Efficacy of a Novel Nanoparticle -Augmented Disinfection Protocol

The ultimate biological aim of endodontic therapy is to either prevent or heal apical periodontitis. Root canal treatment can fail for various reasons, such as persistent infection, missing canals, ledges, canal transportation, instrument separation, and perforation. Post-treatment apical periodontitis is an inflammatory response in the tissues surrounding the root tip, triggered by either lingering bacteria from the initial procedure or a new, secondary infection within the canal system. Statistically, this condition affects roughly 5% to 20% of cases where apical periodontitis was present before the initial treatment.

Inclusion Criteria: * Diabetic patients type II of either gender aged from 18-40 years * Permanent mature Maxillary anterior teeth having a baseline periapical lesion (PAI score ≥3). Exclusion Criteria: * Immuno-compromised patients. * Pregnant women and smokers. * Patients with a history of antibiotic or analgesics intake within the few days before the endodontic treatment. * Teeth with root fractures or perforations. * Teeth with lesions connected to adjacent teeth.