Digital Behavioral Parenting Programs With and Without Added Emotion Regulation Strategies to Manage Anger in Parenting

This pilot randomized controlled trial evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of two digital parenting interventions for parents experiencing difficulties with anger in parenting. The interventions are internet-delivered adaptations of evidence-based parenting programs, collectively called the Supporting Healthier Interactions in Families by Online Tools (SHIFT) parenting programs. The main questions the study aims to answer are: 1. Are the study procedures and design feasible for a full-scale RCT? 2. Are the SHIFT parenting programs feasible and acceptable? 3. How do therapists and parents experience the SHIFT parenting programs? 4. Is participation in one of the SHIFT parenting programs, relative to the other and relative to waitlist control, associated with improvements in parent-reported intervention outcomes? 5. Is participation in the SHIFT parenting programs, relative to each other and waitlist control, associated with improvement in weekly measures of target mechanisms? Researchers will compare the two programs against each other and against a waitlist control. The first intervention (SHIFT) is a behavioral parent training (BPT) program with parenting strategies to manage child behavior problems. The second intervention (SHIFT+) includes the same BPT strategies with emotion regulation (ER) techniques from anger-management treatments. Participants will: * Be randomized to SHIFT, SHIFT+ or waitlist control. * Take part in one of the digital interventions and receive support in text messages and phone calls from a therapist at family support services in Swedish municipalities. Some participants will take part in the intervention after the waitlist period. * Respond to questionnaires and take part in interviews.

Inclusion Criteria: * Parent of a child or adolescent aged 2-17 years. * Experiences recurring conflicts with the child and recurring anger, irritation, or frustration in parenting situations, and wants strategies to manage situations where conflicts and/or anger occur. Determined via sores above the mean on the Parent Anger Scale (PAS; 10-item Swedish version) based on previous Swedish social service population data, and confirmed in a telephone screening. Another parent in the same family can also participate in the study and program even if they do not experience difficulties with anger. * Residing in or near a participating municipality. * Can read Swedish and has access to a smartphone, tablet, or computer with internet. * Perceives themselves to be able to work relatively independently in a digital intervention and is committed to setting aside time for the intervention. Exclusion Criteria: * Information indicating ongoing or recent violence toward the child perpetrated by parents or other adults in the home.