The Effects of Multiple Object Tracking And Mental Imagery On Tennis Performance

The goal of this clinical trial was to evaluate whether multiple object tracking and mental imagery training affect tennis performance, executive functions, anxiety, and psychophysiological variables in university students enrolled in an elective tennis course. The main questions it aimed to answer were: Do multiple object tracking and mental imagery training improve tennis performance? Do multiple object tracking and mental imagery training affect executive functions, anxiety, and psychophysiological responses? Researchers compared participants who received multiple object tracking training or mental imagery training with a control group that continued their regular tennis classes without additional training. Participants: Completed a pre-test assessment of tennis performance, imagery ability, executive functions, anxiety, and psychophysiological variables. Were assigned to a multiple object tracking, mental imagery, or control group based on their tennis performance scores. Completed multiple object tracking or mental imagery training for five consecutive days over one week in addition to their regular tennis classes. Completed post-test assessments using tennis performance, cognitive, anxiety, and psychophysiological measures.

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18-25 years * Enrolled in the Faculty of Sport Sciences * Actively participating in the elective tennis course * Obtaining a valid score on the Dyer Wall Test pre-test administered after the course's first six weeks * No prior regular training or competitive background in tennis * Not a licensed or national-level tennis athlete * Not concurrently enrolled in any other mental training program * Voluntary consent to participate * No health condition precluding participation Exclusion Criteria: * Incomplete or improperly completed personal information forms * A prior competitive tennis background, tennis license, or tournament participation identified after enrollment * Voluntary withdrawal at any stage * Failure to complete the full testing protocol * Injury occurring during the study that prevents continued participation