Machine Learning for Evaluating and Diagnosing Temporomandibular Disorders

This study aims to improve clinical efficiency and effectiveness in treating Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). The researchers will integrate machine learning technology with clinical examination data, CBCT, and MRI to identify the core underlying issues of each patient. Based on this precise, AI-assisted diagnosis, the study will implement a tailored treatment framework. The final goal is to develop predictive algorithms that can determine MRI necessity while ensuring that clinical interventions are highly targeted, efficient, and successful.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) screened by the Department of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at En Chu Kong Hospital, who have failed to respond to analgesic treatment for at least one week. * Patients clinically examined and identified as having pain predominantly originating from muscles associated with mandibular movement. * Patients aged between 18 and 70 years (inclusive) with full legal capacity. * Patients who are willing to participate in the study and provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients meeting any of the following clinical scale thresholds: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)≥ 10, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) ≥ 15, Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) ≥ 10, or Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) \> 5. * Patients with tumors of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) or head and neck region. * Patients with acute or chronic infections. * Patients with a history of neuropathy or stroke. * Patients with a history of head and neck trauma. * Patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia. * Patients diagnosed with autoimmune or rheumatic diseases. * Patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). * Patients with claustrophobia (unable to undergo MRI examination). * Women who are pregnant or lactating, or parents currently in the infant care/nursing period. * Patients who have received invasive treatment for temporomandibular joint disorders within the past 3 months.