Effects of Exercise in Patients With Repaired Coarctation of the Aorta

This interventional study will investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta. Participants will be randomised into three groups: HIIT performed at home, HIIT performed in a supervised outpatient setting, or a control group receiving usual care. The two HIIT protocols will be identical in intensity and progression, individually prescribed for each patient. The study will evaluate the effects of HIIT on exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, blood pressure response to exercise, and other select measures of cardiovascular health, including vascular stiffness and endothelial function. In addition, the study will examine the acute effects of a single exercise session on arterial stiffness.

Inclusion Criteria: * surgically repaired coarctation of the aorta, * age at least 18 years, and * signed informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * residual aortic stenosis (gradient across the narrowing \>20 mmHg), * presence of ascending aortic aneurysm, * recent major cardiovascular event or other event requiring hospitalization (event less than 2 months before inclusion), * unstable rhythm disturbances, * unstable or low-threshold angina pectoris, * NYHA class III or IV heart failure, and * pregnancy.