Impact of De Quervain's Tenosynovitis on Grip Strength and Quality of Life in Smartphone-Addicted Adolescents

The goal of this Cross Sectional Case Controlled study is to Investigate the effect of de quervain's tenosynovitis on hand grip strength and Quality of life among smartphone addicts' adolescents. The main question it aims to answer is: Is de quervain's tenosynovitis influences hand grip strength and quality of life in smartphone addict adolescents? Smart phone addicts' adolescents were equally distributed into two groups: Group A: Smart phone addicts' adolescents with de quervains Group B: Smart phone addicts' adolescents without de quervains (as a reference group). Smart phone addicts' adolescents in the two groups were assessed regarding the following: * Qe quervain's tenosynovitis by The Finkelstein test. * The hand grip strength by handgrip dynamometer. * The effect on the quality of life by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL Version 4.0).

Inclusion Criteria: * Adolescents who have been using smartphones for more than 3 hours per day for 2 years. They have scores ranged from 31 to 60 points for boys and from 33 to 60 points for girls on smart phone addiction scale (SAS-SV) (Appendix II) according to Kwon et al. (2013), who considered boys and girls with these scores to be addicted adolescents. * Adolescents who have been using their phones in odd or abnormal positions, e.g., using smartphones in bed, while lying on their side, lying prone, with one hand for prolonged time or in slouched sitting posture. * Smart phone addicts' adolescents was diagnosed with de quervains (male and female) ranged from 12 to 16 years. Exclusion Criteria: Smart phone addicts' adolescents were excluded from the study if one or more of the following histories were presented: * Upper limb surgery * Inflammatory arthritis * Fractures * Diabetes * Massive use of any tool other than smartphones * Racquet\\ overhead sports athletes