Pilot RCT of a Chinese Medicine Diabetes Education Programme

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a Chinese medicine diabetes education programme is feasible and acceptable, and to explore its preliminary effects on self-management, for adults with type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is the Chinese medicine diabetes education programme feasible to deliver in a community setting (recruitment, retention and adherence)? 2. Is the programme acceptable to participants? 3. Does the programme show early signals of improving diabetes management self-efficacy and related outcomes? Researchers will compare the Chinese medicine education programme to usual care to see if the programme is feasible, acceptable and shows preliminary benefits. Participants will: 1. Be randomly assigned to either a 4-week Chinese medicine diabetes education programme (four group sessions, total 4-6 hours) or usual care 2. Complete assessments at baseline, after the programme, and at 2-month follow-up. 3. Attend a focus group interview at the end of the study (selected participants) Outcome assessors will be blinded to group allocation.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18 years or above * Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus * Able to understand and communicate in Cantonese, and able to read Chinese * Willing and able to provide written informed consent * Able to attend the education sessions at the designated venues Exclusion Criteria: * Severe cognitive impairment that would prevent meaningful participation in group education * Acute or unstable medical conditions, or serious chronic illnesses currently under active treatment (e.g., ongoing cancer treatment), that may preclude safe participation in group activities * Currently participating in another structured diabetes education research programme * Pregnancy