Evaluation of Composite Veneers Fabricated by 3D Printing and Milling Technologies

The clinical study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance, color stability, and wear of indirect composite veneers produced using 3D printing and milling technologies.

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy adult patients aged 18 to 45 years. * Patients requiring veneer restorations due to discoloration, misalignment, tooth malformation or having irregular tooth shape that can be treated without full coverage. * Patients meeting the criteria for Class I or Class II veneers according to the LeSage veneer classification system. * Patients requiring veneers restorations on their bilateral maxillary anterior teeth. * The selected teeth should be vital with absence of clinical signs and symptoms of periapical pathology. * Patients having a normal occlusal relationship between upper and lower teeth (class I Angle classification). * Patients capable of tolerating rubber dam applications. * Patients willing to attend regular follow-up appointments. Exclusion Criteria: * Bad oral hygiene (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified \>3). * Non-vital teeth or endodontically treated teeth. * Severe periodontal disease. * Patients with para-functional habits (e.g., bruxism, attrition, wear facets). * Dentin exposure more than 20% of the prepared surface for veneer. * Prescence of smoking/vaping habits