A Structured Nurse-Led Empowerment Program to Improve Knowledge, Practical Skills, and Self-Care Behaviours in Patients Living With a Permanent Pacemaker

This study evaluates whether a structured nurse-led education and empowerment program improves knowledge, practical self-care skills, and self-care behaviors in adult patients who have recently received a permanent pacemaker. Seventy participants were assigned to either the structured program, consisting of three individual teaching sessions with illustrated booklets and hands-on demonstration delivered within the first week after implantation, or standard hospital care. Outcomes were measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at one-month follow-up using validated knowledge, practice, and self-care questionnaires.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years * First-time permanent pacemaker implantation * Admission to the cardiology department * Willingness to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Documented psychiatric or cognitive disorders * Inability to cooperate with the protocol