The Effect of Retraction Cord on the Surrounding Periodontal Tissues in Restorative Treatment

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether a retraction cord affects gum health when used during tooth restoration procedures. A retraction cord is a thin thread that dentists sometimes place between the tooth and the gum surrounding it, to gently push the gum aside so the restoration can be performed in a clean surface isolated from saliva. The study includes adult teeth with tooth damage near the gumline that has not been caused by decay, yet needs a restoration. The main ressearch question is: Does using a retraction cord make a difference for gum health as opposed to not using one? Participants will be assigned into four separate groups. Two groups will receive receive a restoration with one type of bonding material, either with or without a retraction cord. The other two groups will receive a restoration with a different kind of bonding material, either with or without a retraction cord. Researchers will check gum health status before the restorations and again in the 1., 7., and 28 days later. They will observe symptoms such as swelling in the gums, bleeding of the gums, and gum margin positions. A fluid sample from the area between the gum and tooth will be collected to test for molecules of inflammation.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 years or older * Systemically healthy * Non-smoker * Periodontally healthy (whole-mouth bleeding on probing \