Ultrasound Guided Retrolaminar Block Versus Transverse Abdominis Plane Block in Laparoscopic Upper Abdominal Surgeries

This study aims to compare and evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound guided retrolaminar block versus transverse abdominis plane block in laparoscopic upper abdominal surgeries. Both RLB and TAP blockade are hypothesized to reduce analgesic consumption, manage pain effectively and minimize side effects but their comparative effectiveness has not yet to be thoroughly explored.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 21 and 65 years. * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II. * Body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m². * Scheduled for elective laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Exclusion Criteria: * Refusal to participate in the study. * Known allergy or hypersensitivity to any of the study drugs. * Infection at the planned block insertion site. * Severe uncontrolled cardiac, renal, hepatic, neurological, or respiratory disease. * Pre-existing chronic pain. * Immunodeficiency. * Coagulation abnormalities, anticoagulant therapy, or platelet count less than 80,000/µL. * Emergency surgery.