5 Versus 10 mcg Norepinephrine Bolus in Treatment of Postinduction and Early Intraoperative Hypotension in Emergency Abdominal Surgery

Postinduction hypotension is a frequent intraoperative complication, particularly in emergency abdominal surgery due to factors such as sepsis, hypovolemia, and limited preoperative cardiac assessment. Because it can lead to serious organ injury, prompt prevention and management are essential. Vasopressors, including ephedrine, phenylephrine, and norepinephrine, are commonly used, with NE gaining interest as an intraoperative bolus despite uncertainty about the optimal dose in general surgery population The aim of this study is to compare 5 mcg to 10 mcg norepinephrine bolus for treatment of postinduction hypotension and early intraoperative in emergency abdominal surgery.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patients, American Society of anesthesiologists (ASA) I-III undergoing emergency abdominal surgery Exclusion Criteria: * Severe cardiac morbidities (impaired contractility with ejection fraction \< 45%, heart block, arrhythmias, tight valvular lesions) * Patients on vasopressor infusion, * Pregnant or lactating women, * Allergy of any of the study drugs