Bone Level Changes Using Clear Aligners Compared to Fixed Appliances in Non-Extraction Treatment of Adults

This study compares two common ways of straightening teeth in adults who have mild-to-moderate crowding of the lower front teeth and do not need any teeth removed: clear aligners and traditional fixed braces. The main aim is to find out whether the two methods differ in how they affect the bone that surrounds the teeth. Using three-dimensional X-ray scans (cone-beam CT) and digital models of the teeth taken before and during treatment, the researchers measure the level and thickness of the bone around the lower front teeth, the tilt (inclination) of the lower front teeth, and how quickly the crowding is corrected. Adults are randomly assigned to receive either clear aligners or fixed braces, and the same measurements are compared between the two groups over about six months.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults 18-25 years of age, of both sexes. * Mild-to-moderate mandibular anterior crowding (2-6 mm). * Angle Class I molar relationship with normal overjet (1-3 mm) and overbite (1-2 mm). * Full permanent dentition with a healthy periodontium. * Normal anteroposterior and vertical skeletal pattern. Exclusion Criteria: * Any local or systemic condition, or trauma, capable of affecting craniofacial growth and development. * History of previous orthodontic or interceptive treatment. * Loss of periodontal attachment. * Craniofacial anomalies, facial asymmetry or skeletal discrepancy.