Bionic Balloon-assisted Delivery Technology on the Labor Process

This multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of bionic balloon-assisted delivery technology in nulliparous women planning vaginal delivery. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. Participants in the control group will receive routine labor management, while participants in the intervention group will receive bionic balloon-assisted delivery in addition to routine labor management after entering the active phase of labor. The primary outcome is the duration of labor, including the first, second, and third stages of labor. Secondary outcomes include intrapartum cesarean conversion rate, intrapartum and postpartum complications, neonatal outcomes, postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction, postpartum depression, and maternal satisfaction. This study aims to determine whether bionic balloon-assisted delivery can shorten labor duration, reduce intrapartum cesarean conversion, and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes without increasing adverse events.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age: 18-45 years; * Nulliparous women with singleton, term pregnancy, cephalic presentation, and no contraindications to vaginal delivery; * Latent phase longer than 3 hours, cervical dilation greater than 4-5 cm (entry into the active phase), fetal head engagement, and no obvious cephalopelvic disproportion; * Voluntary participation in this study and signing of written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Multiparous women; * Non-cephalic presentation; * Genital tract infection; * High-risk pregnancy score classified as "red ball," "purple ball," or some "orange ball" categories, including severe medical or surgical comorbidities, placenta previa, scarred uterus, etc.; * Presence of cephalopelvic disproportion, abnormal fetal heart rate, or other conditions unsuitable for vaginal delivery and requiring cesarean section; * Other conditions considered unsuitable for enrollment by the clinician.