Effects of Exergame and Gross Motor-Cognitive Training in Older Adults: An RCT

Background: Aging leads to a progressive decline in gross-motor skills and executive functions, significantly increasing fall risks. While exergaming and motor-cognitive training are effective countermeasures, literature lacks direct comparisons and data on long-term retention. Purpose:This study compares the effects of an exergaming intervention against a structured gross motor-cognitive training program in older adults, with both protocols lasting 6 weeks. It evaluates the short- and medium-term (20-week follow-up) maintenance of physical and cognitive benefits, while introducing a novel composite gross-motor index. Methods \& Question: The study addresses which intervention is more effective at improving gross-motor coordination and executive functions, and whether these adaptations persist over time.

Inclusion Criteria: * Older Adults; * Age ≥ 60 years; * Independent in carrying out activities of daily living. Exclusion Criteria: * Unstable cardiovascular, respiratory, or neurological conditions that contraindicate exercise; * Recent fractures, major orthopedic surgery, or acute musculoskeletal pain limiting safe exercise participation. * An attendance rate below 80%