Renkli Adımlar Game- and Drama-Based Program for Preventing Peer Bullying in Primary School Children

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of the Renkli Adımlar (Colorful Steps) game- and drama-based school intervention in promoting empathy and reducing bullying perpetration and victimization among primary school children. Third- and fourth-grade students were allocated to an intervention or control group. The intervention consisted of eight weekly 40-minute sessions including educational games, creative drama, role-playing, storytelling, puppet activities, and collaborative learning. Empathy, bullying perpetration, and victimization were assessed before and immediately after the intervention using standardized instruments.

Inclusion Criteria: * Third- and fourth-grade students enrolled in one of the participating public \*primary schools. * Able to attend regular classroom activities. * Written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian. * Child provided verbal assent. Exclusion Criteria: * Parent or legal guardian did not provide written informed consent. * Child did not provide verbal assent. * Student was unable to participate in the intervention or outcome assessments.