Quadro-Iliac Plane Block for Analgesia After Lumbar Microdiscectomy

This study will evaluate whether ultrasound-guided quadro-iliac plane block provides better postoperative pain control than local infiltration analgesia in patients undergoing single-level lumbar microdiscectomy. Adult patients scheduled for elective single-level lumbar microdiscectomy will be randomly assigned to receive either bilateral quadro-iliac plane block plus patient-controlled analgesia or local infiltration analgesia plus patient-controlled analgesia. The main outcome of the study will be total fentanyl consumption during the first 24 hours after surgery. Pain scores, need for rescue analgesia, opioid-related side effects, patient satisfaction, and recovery quality will also be evaluated.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18 to 75 years * American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III * Scheduled for elective single-level lumbar microdiscectomy, such as L4-L5 or L5-S1 disc herniation * Planned surgery under general anesthesia * Able to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Allergy or hypersensitivity to local anesthetics * Coagulopathy or active anticoagulant use * Infection, scar tissue, or skin lesion at the injection site * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Chronic pain syndrome or regular opioid use * American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status IV or higher * Planned surgery for two or more levels of disc herniation