Central Sensitization and Functional Outcomes in Chronic Shoulder Pain

This prospective observational cohort study aims to investigate whether baseline central sensitization and psychological factors predict functional outcomes following rehabilitation in individuals with chronic shoulder pain. Participants with chronic shoulder pain will receive a standardized 6-week physiotherapy and rehabilitation program routinely applied in the clinic. Assessments will be performed before and after treatment, including pain severity, shoulder function, central sensitization symptoms, and psychological factors such as pain catastrophizing. The findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of biopsychosocial factors affecting rehabilitation outcomes in chronic shoulder pain and help improve individualized rehabilitation approaches.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18 years and older * Presence of chronic shoulder pain lasting at least 3 months * Clinical findings consistent with shoulder-related pain * Willingness to participate in a 6-week physiotherapy rehabilitation program * Ability to complete study assessments and questionnaires * Provision of written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * History of shoulder surgery within the previous 6 months * Major shoulder trauma within the previous 6 months * Serious pathology affecting the shoulder (e.g., infection, tumor, systemic inflammatory disease) * Neurological disorders affecting the upper extremity (e.g., cervical radiculopathy, myelopathy, peripheral nerve injury) * Severe cognitive impairment * Communication problems preventing participation * Shoulder injection within the previous 4 weeks * Pregnancy