Effectiveness of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

This study aims to determine the effect of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The main question it aims to answer is: 1\. What is the effect of balloon blowing breathing exercise on peripheral oxygen saturation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients? Participants performed the exercise on the day agreed upon with the researcher. Respondents performed balloon-blowing breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. These exercises consisted of deep breathing exercises followed by a slow balloon-blowing technique in three cycles per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow breath into the balloon for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times. Oxygen saturation was measured after the intervention on the seventh day to assess the effect of the exercise on peripheral oxygen saturation. Researchers compared the intervention and control groups to determine whether there was a significant difference between respondents who performed deep breathing exercises and balloon-blowing (intervention) and those who performed only deep breathing exercises (control).

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged 18-60 years, diagnosed with mild to moderate COPD, or with other medical conditions but a history of COPD, able and calm to follow instructions to inhale using the balloon blowing technique, and willing to be studied with informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with severe shortness of breath, patients on respiratory support, and abnormal hemoglobin levels. Dropout criteria included discontinuation of the study and respondents not undergoing the appropriate intervention.