Perioperative High-flow Nasal Oxygen in Patients Undergoing Robotic Surgery

The aim of the study is to assess whether perioperative use of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) during the period from induction of anesthesia until discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit in patients undergoing robotic-assisted surgery reduces perioperative oxygen desaturation, atelectasis formation and postoperative pulmonary complications.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age \>= 18 * Undergoing non-emergent, non-cardiac, intra-abdominal, intra-thoracic or pelvic robot-assisted surgery with an expected duration of at least 2 hours under general anesthesia with planned extubation at the end of the procedure Exclusion Criteria: * Known pregnancy * Preoperative intubation or tracheostomy * Anatomical or clinical conditions precluding the use of high-flow nasal oxygen (severe midface trauma, recent nasal surgery, severe nasal septum deviation, severe nasal deformation) * Contraindications to electrical impedance tomography (EIT), including inability to place the EIT belt or presence of active implantable electronic devices (e.g., pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) * Planned postoperative admission to the intensive care unit