Active Coping: Interdisciplinary Program for Chronic Pain, Physiotherapy Unit (Spain)

The goal of this observational intervention study is to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary active coping program for chronic back pain in adults referred from Primary Care to the Physiotherapy Unit of Teruel Ensanche. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the program improve physical function, measured through gait speed, balance, and chair stand tests? * Does it reduce pain-related psychological factors such as kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression? * Does it improve quality of life and sleep quality, and reduce analgesic medication use? Participants will attend group sessions on pain neuroscience education, followed by sessions on healthy habits, nutrition and sleep hygiene and group psychological intervention focused on emotional wellbeing tools, and will complete therapeutic exercise sessions over the course of the program. They will also complete validated questionnaires and physical assessments at three timepoints: at baseline, at the end of the program, and at a 6-month follow-up.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult (18 years or older) * Diagnosis of non-oncological chronic back pain * Referred from Primary Care to the Physiotherapy Unit of Teruel Ensanche . (UFAP) from one of the following basic health zones: Teruel Centro, Teruel Ensanche, Albarracín, Alfambra, Cella, or Villel * Able to provide voluntary written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Oncological pain * Cognitive impairment that prevents following the program * Spinal surgery in the last year * Internal electrostimulator device (e.g. pacemaker, spinal cord stimulator)