Robot-Assisted Gait Training vs Visual Feedback Balance Training in Stroke

Stroke frequently leads to balance impairment and gait dysfunction, increasing fall risk and limiting functional independence. Technology-assisted rehabilitation approaches such as robot-assisted gait training and visual feedback balance training have been shown to improve balance and mobility in stroke patients. This randomized, assessor-blinded clinical trial aims to compare the effects of robot-assisted gait training and visual feedback balance training on balance and gait outcomes in patients with subacute and chronic stroke. Both interventions are part of routine clinical rehabilitation practice. Participants will be evaluated at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention using clinical balance, gait, and functional assessments.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 21-85 years * Diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by clinical and radiological findings * Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) ≥ 3 * Modified Ashworth Scale ≤ 2 (lower extremity) * Ability to understand and follow simple verbal instructions * Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 23 Exclusion Criteria: * Unstable cardiopulmonary conditions * Severe musculoskeletal disorders affecting standing or walking * Severe aphasia preventing participation in assessments * Severe visual impairment interfering with balance testing