Efficacy of Sensory Reweighting Techniques for Balance and Risk of Fall in Chronic Ischemic Stroke Patients

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effectiveness of sensory reweighting techniques on balance and risk of falls in individuals with chronic ischemic stroke. A total of 46 participants will be recruited using purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two groups through the sealed envelope method. Balance and fall risk will be assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go test at baseline and after completion of the intervention. Participants in the experimental group will receive sensory reweighting-based balance training three times per week for eight weeks, incorporating altered sensory conditions such as reduced visual input, unstable surfaces, and vestibular challenges. The control group will receive conventional balance training of similar duration and intensity without sensory manipulation. Both groups will also receive standard physiotherapy throughout the intervention period. Ethical approval will be obtained prior to data collection, written informed consent will be secured from all participants, and confidentiality and voluntary participation will be ensured.

Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosed case of chronic ischemic stroke (duration \>6 months post-stroke) Both male and female patients with age range 40-60 years . Able to stand and walk at least 10 feet (with or without assistive devices). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24 (to ensure adequate cognitive ability to follow instructions). Medically stable and cleared by a physician to participate in balance training. Experiencing balance impairment and/or history of at least one fall in the past 6 months Exclusion Criteria: Hemorrhagic stroke patients or mixed stroke types Severe visual, auditory, or vestibular impairments not correctable by aids (which would interfere with sensory reweighting assessment). Other neurological conditions (e.g., Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy). Musculoskeletal disorders significantly affecting balance (e.g., recent fracture, severe arthritis). On medications that severely affect balance or cause dizziness (e.g., sedatives, high-dose antiepileptic. Severe aphasia or communication disorders impeding participation in the intervention