Markers of Bone Destruction and Oxidative Stress in Peri-implantitis

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the levels of bone resorption (RANKL, OPG) and oxidative stress (Nitrotyrosine, NQO1) markers, along with pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β), in the saliva and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) of patients with peri-implantitis, periodontitis, and healthy individuals. The study seeks to determine the diagnostic value of these biomarkers in the early detection and progression of peri-implant diseases.

Inclusion Criteria: Systemically healthy volunteers aged 18-65. For Peri-implantitis group: Implants in function for ≥1 year, radiographic bone loss ≥ 2 mm, probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm, and presence of bleeding on probing (BOP) or suppuration. For Periodontitis group: At least one tooth with PD ≥ 4 mm, presence of BOP, and radiographic bone loss.For Healthy groups: PD ≤ 3 mm, no clinical inflammation (BOP-), and no radiographic bone loss. (According to the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) - Exclusion Criteria:Presence of systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis). Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, or immunosuppressive drugs within the last 3 months. Pregnancy or breastfeeding. Smoking (current smokers). History of periodontal or peri-implant surgical treatment within the last 6 months. Implant failure (mobility). Signs of acute infection (fever, systemic symptoms). \-