CTG Versus Collagen Matrix for Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Augmentation

This randomized controlled trial compares two techniques for peri-implant soft tissue augmentation in the mandibular molar region: an autogenous connective tissue graft (CTG) and a collagen matrix. Adult patients requiring implant treatment with insufficient peri-implant soft tissue thickness will be randomly assigned to receive either CTG or a collagen matrix at the time of implant surgery. The study aims to evaluate and compare changes in peri-implant soft tissue thickness, width of keratinized tissue, and soft tissue contour over a 9-month follow-up period, as well as the occurrence of postoperative complications. The results of this study will help determine whether a collagen matrix can provide clinical outcomes comparable to those of connective tissue grafting for peri-implant soft tissue augmentation.

Inclusion Criteria: Adults aged 18 to 65 years. Patients requiring dental implant treatment in the mandibular molar region. Presence of insufficient peri-implant soft tissue thickness (\< 2 mm). Adequate general health to undergo minor oral surgery. Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent and comply with study procedures. Exclusion Criteria: Systemic conditions or medications that may impair wound healing. Heavy smoking (more than 10 cigarettes per day). History of allergy or hypersensitivity to collagen-based materials. Previous graft failure or complications at the intended implant site. Loss of three or more adjacent teeth in the study area (excluding third molars).