Motor Imagery and Action Observation for Gait Function in MS

This study will investigate whether mentally simulating walking movements while watching others walk can improve walking performance in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Participants will be divided into two groups: one group will watch walking videos and imagine themselves walking, while the other group will watch nature scenes. The study will measure muscle activity and walking patterns to assess the effects. The results may help support the use of mental practice techniques to improve mobility in people with MS.

Inclusion Criteria: * A confirmed diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) by a neurologist * No history of relapse within the past 3 months and not currently experiencing a relapse * A score of 24 or higher on the standardized Mini Mental State Examination Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of serious health conditions affecting the muscles, heart, lungs, or metabolism that could interfere with participation * History of other neurological disorders, head injury, or chronic psychiatric conditions * Chronic pain lasting longer than six months * Significant muscle stiffness in the legs that may affect EMG recordings * Hearing difficulties * Vision problems as determined by the Snellen visual acuity test