Risk Factors, Prognosis, Clinicopathological and Metabolic Characteristics of EO- vs LO-PanNETs

The aim of this observational multicenter retrospective cohort study is to evaluate the differences in risk factors, prognosis, clinicopathological and metabolic characteristics between early-onset pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (EO-PanNETs) and late-onset pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (LO-PanNETs). The main questions it aims to answer are: Are there distinct clinical, pathological, and metabolic profiles in EO-PanNETs compared with LO-PanNETs? Do EO-PanNETs have different prognostic outcomes compared with LO-PanNETs? Researchers will compare EO-PanNET patients with LO-PanNET patients and with matched nonmalignant controls to assess differences in tumor characteristics and associated metabolic conditions. Participants will: Provide retrospective clinical, pathological, and metabolic data from hospital records. Have survival and recurrence outcomes assessed through follow-up data review.

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years or older; histopathologically confirmed pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor by surgical resection or biopsy. Exclusion Criteria: * Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma; incomplete pathological data; received antitumor treatment prior to presentation; with other malignanies or malignant history.