Pain, Sleep Quality, Eating Habits and Physical Activity Level in Patients With Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex condition characterized by recurrence of mania, hypomania, and depression. It is characterized by changes in daily life activities, sleep status, focus problems, and cognitive fluctuations. The mortality rate due to suicide and cardiovascular diseases increases in individuals with BD. The DSM-5TR defines BD as Bipolar I Disorder (BD-1) with one or more manic episodes, Bipolar II Disorder (BD-II) with at least one severe depressive episode accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode, Cyclothymia disorder, substance-induced bipolar disorder, bipolar or related disorder related to another medical condition, other defined bipolar and related disorder, and undefined bipolar and related disorder. The lifetime prevalence of BD varies between 0.6% and 1.0% for Type I and 0.4% and 1.1% for Type II. Symptoms usually start between 14-21 years of age. Depressive episodes and lifelong single marital status are more common in females, while substance abuse is more common in males. Depression attacks are longer than manias, but the duration of attacks does not differ between types. The mean duration of depressive and manic periods is 5.2 months and 3.5 months, respectively. Pain is observed in 28.9% of patients with a diagnosis of GI, which decreases the quality of life and is a significant concern in psychological disorders.

Inclusion Criteria: * Being between the ages of 18 and 65. * Being diagnosed with bipolar disorder by a psychiatrist according to DSM-5 criteria and not having symptoms of depression and mania at a level that prevents participation in the study. * Volunteering to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Not being able to read and write Turkish. * Having mental retardation. * Having suffered a severe head trauma in the last 1 year. * Having a disease that affects cognitive functions such as dementia.