Padua Prediction Score for VTE Risk in Thoracic Surgery Patients

The goal of this observational study is to assess the predictive accuracy of the Padua Prediction Score (PPS) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in thoracic surgery patients. The study aims to answer the following question: Does the PPS provide a more accurate prediction of VTE risk? Participants will: Have their VTE risk assessed using the PPS during their hospital admission.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients who have undergone preoperative Padua Prediction Score assessment. * Inpatients with a hospital stay over 3 days * Written informed consent obtained from patients or their legal guardians. * Availability for postoperative follow-up to assess outcomes like LEVT development or related complications. Exclusion Criteria: * Preexisting LEVT or pulmonary embolism. * Severe Coagulopathy: Patients with inherited or acquired bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia, advanced liver disease). * receiving any anticoagulation therapy for any reason. * patients who did not undergo a postoperative D-dimer test. * Incomplete Data: missing essential clinical or laboratory data. * Pregnancy: pregnant women or those within six weeks postpartum. * Noncompliance: Patients unwilling or unable to adhere to study follow-up protocols.