Comparing of Using Patient Imaging and Virtual Reality-based Simulation Prior to Lumbar Transforaminal Injections

This study aims to evaluate the impact of pre-procedure training using a 3D simulator, based on lumbar CT images, on the success rate and efficiency of lumbar transforaminal steroid injections in patients who are expected to be difficult to treat. The training is provided to practitioners prior to performing the procedure on these patients.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with lumbar lateral recess or foraminal stenosis who are scheduled to undergo lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection. * Patients with lumbar CT images, where all four pain specialists in anesthesiology and pain medicine have determined that needle insertion through the transforaminal approach would be difficult. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who have previously undergone transforaminal epidural steroid injections at this center. * Patients with abnormal lumbar anatomical structures or a history of lumbar surgery. * Patients who do not consent to participate in the study.