Assessing the Performance of Shotgun Metagenomics in the Diagnosis of Complex Prosthetic Joint Infections

The objectiveof this of a prospective, multicentre study is to evaluate the performance of shotgun metagenomics in the diagnosis of chronic Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in comparison with the adapted MSIS diagnostic score.. The main questions it aims to answer are: * To evaluate the performance of shotgun metagenomics in the diagnosis of chronic PJI in comparison with culture. * To describe the epidemiology of bacterial species responsible for chronic PJI in Western France and their potential resistance to antibiotics. * Analyzing the diagnostic performance of shotgun culture and metagenomics as a function of potentially administered antibiotic treatments A total of 143 patients sampled will be included. Six intraoperative samples will be taken for each patient, as part of routine care. In addition to the standard preoperative check-up, an extra volume of blood will be taken for CRP measurement at inclusion.

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female ≥ 18 years * Patients being considered for surgery for suspected chronic PJI (time between joint replacement surgery and patient inclusion \> 3 months) * Social security affiliation * No objection to participating in the study Exclusion Criteria: * Suspicion or documentation (positive blood cultures) of acute bacteremia at time of inclusion * Patients under guardianship or trusteeship * Pregnant or breastfeeding woman * Patient deprived of liberty by legal or administrative decision * Patients in psychiatric care