Study of Anatomo-functional Correlation of the Upper Airways

Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) is a disorder of nocturnal ventilation due to the occurrence abnormally frequent pauses in breathing. It is a public health problem that currently affects 13 % of men and 6% of women between 30 and 70 years old. Sleep apneas are conventionally divided into obstructive and central apneas, depending on the persistence or no respiratory movements and the existence or not pharyngeal collapse during apnea. There are upper airway characterization studies (VAS) in patients with syndrome sleep apnea/hypopnea (OSAS). These physiological characterization studies (measurement of critical closing pressure (Pcrit) of the VAS) and anatomical (transcutaneous ultrasound of the muscles of the floor of the mouth, the base of the tongue, or by a acoustic pharyngometry of the VAS) are interested separately to different parameters without searching correlation with the severity of sleep apnea nor their potential as a screening tool for OSAS in patients at risk. The investigators hypothesize that a strong correlation and constant exists between the physiological collapsibility of VAS, the anatomical measurements of the VAS and the degree of severity of OSAS. Thus, the aim of this descriptive study is to characterization as complete as possible of the VAS of apneic patients in a homogeneous population and a better understanding of the pathophysiological obstructive events in patients without factor obvious risk.

Inclusion criteria: - Any patient, consulting the sleep department of the Bichat hospital for suspected sleep apnea syndrome * Patient for whom an PSG are prescribed as part of care * Age ≥18 years and ≤85 years Exclusion criteria: - Recent ENT surgery (less than 6 months) * Pregnancy in progress (declared) * Pulsed oxyhaemoglobin saturation \< 88% at rest on awakening * Allergy to ultrasound gel * Patient with difficulties in understanding the French language * Vulnerable patient (guardianship, curators) * Lack of affiliation to a social security scheme * Lack of information and collection of informed, written and signed consent * Patient under AME