Lap-guided vs Us-guided TAP Block in Pediatric Laparoscopy

Transversus Abdomens Plance (TAP) block is commonly used to control pain in laparoscopic procedures. It is usually administered with ultrasound guide but it can be also administered with laparoscopic assistance under direct visualization.Aim of the present study is determining if the lap-assisted TAP is superior to the us-guided TAP Block in pain control in the immediate postoperative phase as well at 1 and 6 hours post surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:Age<= 18 yrsElective or urgent laparoscopic surgical procedures including hernia repair, appendectomy, cholecystectomy, piloromyotomy, Nissen fundoplication, varicocelectomyASA Status I and IIExclusion Criteria:absence of parental consentASA Status III-VIPresence of neurological disability affecting spontaneous mobilityPrevious surgical procedures on the abdominal wall (e.g. gastroschisis repair)Foreseen surgical duration bigger than 4 hoursConversion to laparotomyUse of concomitant other regional anesthesia technique (e.g. neuraxial or peripheral)