Impact of Clinical Pharmacist-Led Intervention on Management of Diabetic Hypertensive Patients in Eastern Nepal

Diabetic-Hypertensives are at a higher risk of premature microvascular and macrovascular complications than diabetes alone. Proper lifestyle management, diet, disease monitoring, and medication adherence is essential in achieving desired therapeutic outcomes, preventing complications and improving those patients' Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals to the public and have a crucial role in optimizing treatment outcomes in patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Experimental trials' demonstrating the potential roles of pharmaceutical services is scarce in the literature, particularly in developing countries of south Asia. Therefore, the investigators plan to conduct a prospective-interventional trial to determine the potential impacts of pharmacist-supervised educational intervention on the management of "Type II diabetic with comorbid hypertension" patients. Patient data will be collected using patient's clinical profile forms, General Medication adherence Scale (GMAS), Patients Satisfaction towards pharmaceutical services (PSPSQ), Health Related-KAP questionnaires. Data will be verified, stored, entered into databases, and analyzed according to the data management plan. The findings will be compared in terms of clinical and nonclinical outcome measures between the control and test groups to ascertain the conclusion.

Inclusion Criteria:Male and female patients aged 40 to 68 years.Clinically diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus with hypertension as co-morbidity.Minimum one year of the medical history of diabetic and hypertension.Minimum 6 months on antidiabetic as well as antihypertensive medication therapy.Patients willing to participate in the study and those providing written informed consent for participation.Exclusion Criteria:Patients with Type I diabetes mellitus, Diabetic insipidus, Gestational diabetes or other forms of diabetes.Presence of other chronic disease co-morbidity other than hypertension and diabetes complications.Mentally incompetent patients, Pregnant, critically ill patients (requiring hospital admission).Patients have tuberculosis, Corona virus, and other highly communicable diseases.Those patients not willing to performing routine follow-up visit.