Real-World Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Primary Objective:1. To describe the distribution of treatment regimens and objective response rate (ORR) in a Benchmark Cohort of real-world patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who initiate treatment after meeting the following criteria: (1) have either (a) at least three prior lines (3L) and are triple-class exposed (TCE), or (b) are triple-class refractory (TCR), and (2) meet similar inclusion/exclusion criteria to patients in phase 2 cohort 2 of the R5458-ONC-1826 trial.Secondary Objectives:To describe additional outcomes (duration of response [DOR], progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival [OS], and time to next treatment [TTNT]) in the same Benchmark Cohort population described in the primary objective.To describe distribution of treatment regimens, ORR, DOR, PFS, OS, and to compare ORR, PFS, OS, and TTNT in an Analysis Cohort consisting of real-world patients derived from the Benchmark Cohort described above who are weighted using inverse probability of treatment weighting to align with the characteristics of patients in phase 2 cohort 2 of the R5458-ONC-1826 trial. Comparative analyses of PFS and OS will be performed conditional on sufficient maturity of survival data in the R5458-ONC-1826 trial at the time of analysis.

Inclusion Criteria:Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤1 at baselineConfirmed diagnosis of active MM by IMWG diagnostic criteriaHave myeloma that is response-evaluable with measurable disease by M-protein in serum or urine as specified in the IMWG response criteria.Triple-class exposed or refractoryExclusion Criteria:Diagnosis of plasma cell leukemia, primary systemic light-chain amyloidosis (excluding myeloma-associated amyloidosis), Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin (POEMS) changes syndromeKnown MM brain lesions or meningeal involvementHistory of neurodegenerative condition, central nervous system (CNS) movement disorder, or seizureCardiac ejection fraction <40% by echocardiogram or multi-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) (or a diagnosis of congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, or valvular heart disease as a potential proxy)Continuous systemic corticosteroid treatment with more than 10 mg per day of prednisone or anti-inflammatory equivalentLive or live attenuated vaccinesTreated with B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed immunotherapies (BCMA antibody-drug conjugates are not excluded).Note: Other protocol-defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria apply