COMPArative Study of the Consequence on innaTe Immune Response du to Bacterial or Viral Infection in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit

Patient admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) for acute infection whether it be viral or bacterial had major impairment of the immune response. One hallmark of the immune impairment is presence of immature granulocyte (IG) in blood. Depend of initial trigger (virus or bacteria) concentration, phenotype and function of IG seems to be different. In this prospective trial, immature granulocytes will be analyzed in depth in immunocompetent patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit for an acute viral or bacterial infection.

Inclusion Criteria:Bacterial infection:Adult patient hospitalized for less than 24 hours in ICU for community documented sepsisVasopressor supportSOFA score > 4Viral infection:Adult patient hospitalized for less than 24 hours in ICU for confirmed viral acute infection.High flow oxygen, non-invasive or invasive ventilation since less than 24 hoursModerate to severe ARDS with PaO2/FiO2 < 200mmHg and a FiO2 ≥ 0.6.Exclusion Criteria:Bacterial infection:Antibiotics or hospitalized in ICU in the previous 3 monthsImmunocompromized patientOngoing acute or chronic viral infectionViral infection:Antibiotics or hospitalized in ICU in the previous 3 monthsImmunocompromized patientCurrent antibioticsOngoing chronic viral infection.