Evaluation of the Effect of Periimplant Soft Tissue Phenotype on Marginal Bone Loss

The goal of this clinical trial to test the effect of periimplant soft tissue phenotype in the participants with implant placed and at least 1 year after implant loading. The main questions it aims to answer are:Is keratinized mucosal thickness (KMT) important in early marginal bone loss and peri implant health?Is keratinized gingival width (KGW) important in early marginal bone loss and and peri implant health? The researchers plan to include 80 implants in the study. These 80 implants will be divided into 2 groups in 2 different ways according to their KMT and KGW on their buccal surfaces: KMT ≥2 mm are included in the adequate KMT, and those with KMT<2 mm are in the insufficient KMT group. Those with KGW≥2 mm are adequate KGW, those with KGW<2 mm are adequate KGW. The researchers will assess marginal bone loss around the implant using radiographs and collect peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) using paper strips. Another researchers will measure the Receptor Activator Of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Ligand (RANKL), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), MicroRNA-223 (MiRNA-223), MicroRNA-27a (MiRNA-27a) levels in the collected PICF. They will compare radiographic bone loss and biomarker levels in groups.

Inclusion Criteria:Have at least one fixed restoration on a titanium dental implant in the mouthOver-implant restoration, functioning for at least 12 monthsAttending our preventive care regularly (≥1/year)Non-smokersExclusion Criteria:Receiving head or neck radiation in the last 6 monthsBisphosphonate usersThose who have received antibiotic treatment in the last 3 monthsPatients with diabetes mellitus (hemoglobin A1c ≥7.0) that may affect the outcome of implant therapyimplants with peri-implantitisPregnant or breastfeeding mothersThose with metabolic bone disordersThose who have a history of periodontitis and have undergone any periodontal treatment in the last yearThose whose implant positions are not suitableImplants using soft or hard tissue grafts before, during, or after implant placementThose with a restoration that did not allow accurate probing depth recording were excluded from the study.