Low Particle Emission and Low Noise Tyres

This study will investigate the biological mechanisms linking sleep disruption by noise and the development of disease. In a laboratory sleep study, the investigators will play synthesised automotive tyre sounds, investigating how acoustical characteristics of tyre noise impact on sleep macrostructure, cardiometabolic profile and cognitive performance (continuous traffic flow or a few individual, but higher level, traffic pass-bys). The investigators will also measure objective sleep quality and quantity, cognitive performance across multiple domains, self-reported sleep and wellbeing outcomes, and blood samples. Blood samples will be analysed to identify metabolic changes in different nights. Identifying biomarkers that are impacted by sleep fragmentation will establish the currently unclear pathways by which chronic noise exposure at night can lead to the development of diseases in the long term, especially cardiometabolic disorders.

Inclusion Criteria:1. live in or around the city of Gothenburg area (Sweden)Exclusion Criteria:aged <18 or >30 years;habitual sleep and wake timings more than ±1 hour different from the study sleep times (i.e. habitual sleep time should be 22:00-00:00 and habitual wake time should be 06:00-08:00);BMI>25 kg/m2;regular sleep medication use (prescribed or "over-the-counter");poor hearing acuity (measured during screening via pure tone audiometry);diagnosed with sleep disorders;indications of sleep apnea on the STOP-BANG questionnaire;shift work;smoking, vaping, snus, or other nicotine use.