Tumor Budding in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Under Different MMR Status

This study investigates the ability of tumor budding to identify prognosis in different MMR states and different levels of tumor lymphocyte infiltration. Tumor budding is usually defined as an isolated single cancer cell or a cluster of up to four cancer cells located at the front of an infiltrating tumor.

Inclusion Criteria:Confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer pathologicallyUnderwent primary surgeryWith records for tumor budding stainingWilling and able to provide written informed consent for participation in this studyNon-complicated primary tumor (complete obstruction, perforation, bleeding)Exclusion Criteria:With distant metastases at the time of initial diagnosisWithout a complete pathological dateHereditary colorectal cancerSubjects with a history of a prior malignancy within the past 5 years, except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer