Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) Monotherapy Versus Sacituzumab Govitecan in Combination With Pembrolizumab for Participants With Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) With Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) ≥50% (MK-3475-D46)

The purpose of this study is to compare pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in combination with sacituzumab govitecan with pembrolizumab alone with respect to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) as assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR) among adults with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50%).

Inclusion Criteria:The main inclusion criteria include but are not limited to the following:Has a histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Has confirmation that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase 1 (ALK-1), or ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS-1)-directed therapy is not indicated as primary therapyHas provided tumor tissue that demonstrates PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% of tumor cells as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) at a central laboratoryHas a life expectancy of at least 3 monthsExclusion Criteria:The main exclusion criteria include but are not limited to the following:Has history of a second malignancy, unless potentially curative treatment has been completed with no evidence of malignancy for 3 yearsHas received prior systemic chemotherapy or other targeted or biological antineoplastic therapy for their metastatic NSCLCHas previously received treatment with Topoisomerase 1 inhibitors or Trop-2 targeted therapyHas received prior therapy with an anti-programmed cell death 1 protein (anti-PD-1), anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1), or anti anti- programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2) agent or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or coinhibitory T-cell receptorHas received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of start of study intervention or has radiation-related toxicities requiring corticosteroidsHas received radiation therapy to the lung that is >30 Gray (Gy) within 6 months of the first dose of study interventionHas received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days before the first dose of study interventionHas received an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 4 weeks before study intervention administrationHas cardiac diseaseMyocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris within 6 months of enrollmentHistory of serious ventricular arrhythmia, high-grade atrioventricular block, or other cardiac arrhythmias requiring antiarrhythmic medications; history of QT interval prolongationNew York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or greater congestive heart failure or left ventricular ejection fraction of <40%Has active chronic inflammatory bowel diseaseHas diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior the first dose of study medicationHas known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitisHas severe hypersensitivity (≥Grade 3) to pembrolizumab or sacituzumab govitecan and/or any of their excipientsHas active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years except replacement therapyHistory of (noninfectious) pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease that required steroids or has current pneumonitis/interstitial lung diseaseHas active infection requiring systemic therapyHas history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHistory of hepatitis B or known active hepatitis C virus infectionHas history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, laboratory abnormality, or other circumstance that might confound the results of the study or interfere with the participant's participation for the full duration of the study, such that it is not in the best interest of the participant to participate, in the opinion of the treating investigatorHave not adequately recovered from major surgery or have ongoing surgical complications