The SWISSHEART Failure Network (SHFN)

A retrospective cohort study will be conducted on patients who were hospitalized at the University Hospital Basel (USB), University Hospital Bern (Inselspital), University Hospital Geneva (HUG) and the University Hospital Zurich (USZ) with the diagnosis of AMI and/or AHF. Baseline data will be collected in the hospital during treatment will be complemented by a short outcome evaluation.

Inclusion Criteria:Female or male patients, age > 18 yearsHospitalized with a primary diagnosis of AMIa) ST-segment elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-STEMI (NSTEMI) have to fulfil the 4th universal definition of myocardial infarction.Acute myocardial injury with dynamic cardiac troponin (cTn) changes (at least one value above 99th per-centile URL) ANDAt least ONE of the following:Symptoms of myocardial ischemiaNew ischemic ECG changes or new pathological Q wavesImaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality consistent with ischemic etiologyIntracoronary thrombus on angiography (or autopsy) AND/ORHospitalization with a primary diagnosis of AHF based on the following criteria:Symptoms: progressive dyspnoea, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea, AND/OR progressive peripheral oedema, weight gain.AND at least TWO of the following:Signs: basal pulmonary rales AND/OR peripheral oedema, jugular vein dilatation ORN-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) within 24 hours >450 pg/ml if age <50 years, >900 pg/ml if age 50-75 years, >1800 pg/ml if age >75 years) OR BNP >400 pg/ml. Cut-offs need to be reduced by 50% in case of severe obesity (BMI >35) ORTreatment of AHF within 24 h using the following drugs i) increased diuretics. iv furosemide or increased po furosemide or torasemide ii) inotropes (dobutamine, dopamine, levosimendan, milrinone) iii) i.v. or s.l. vasodilators (nitroglycerine, isosorbide dinitrate) iv) vasopressors (norepinephrine) OR e) Echocardiographic features (within 72 hours) -- automated TTE downloads left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% or estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) >40 mmHg or increased estimated right atrium pressure (RA) pressure above 10 mmHg (VCI size / resp. motion)For the control cohort, the inclusion criteria are:Female or male patients, age > 18 yearsECG and TTE recording performed within 5 days of each otherTTE is labelled as "normal".Exclusion Criteria:If a subject fulfills the following exclusion criteria, he/she may not be included: Existence of a documented statement of the patient against the use of his/her clinical data for research purposes.