Dyadic Neurofeedback for Development of Healthy Emotion Regulation in Youth

This study will examine the effect of a real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dyadic neurofeedback protocol with mothers and their adolescent daughters. Mothers in the experimental condition will view a moving bar showing their daughters' brain activity on a computer screen while talking to their daughters.

Inclusion Criteria: All participants inclusion criteria: * Biological female * Sufficient English fluency to complete tasks * Co-residing at least 4 days per week Inclusion criteria for adult participants: * Primary caregiver for more than 50% of child's lifespan * History of at least two adverse childhood experiences * Biological parent of adolescent participant Inclusion criteria for adolescents: * Eligible for fMRI * Body mass index between 16 and 40 (inclusive) * Age 14-17 years Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria for adolescent participants: * Current or past psychiatric disorder * Neurodevelopmental delay * Medications influencing fMRI * Medical conditions influencing fMRI